What is Yoga?

There’s a long and a short answer to that question.

 

The short answer is that it’s the process of uniting your body and mind together through the vehicle of the breath.  To do that, yoga postures are practiced where we mentally connect to the sensation in our bodies, while controlling the thoughts in our mind, as we regulate our breath, and find that it affects us on an emotional level. In doing so, we also develop tools that can be applied in our everyday lives, that is when we’re off our mat, to help us cope with challenging or difficult situations, etc.

 

The longer answer is that yoga is a profound system of holistic health, a healing art, which originated in India thousands of years ago.  It is NOT a religion – rather, it is a philosophy.  The word yoga comes from the Sanskrit word “yuj” which means “union,” but is also interpreted as a method of discipline.

 

While yoga is a mind and body practice based in ancient Indian philosophy, in more recent times, it has become more of a popular form of physical exercise based upon poses that promote improved control of the mind and body, and enhance well-being.

 

There are several different types of yoga and many disciplines within the practice.  However, the Indian sage Patanjal codified the Yoga Sutras almost 2,000 years ago, which is a collection of 195 statements that serves as a philosophical guidebook for most of the yoga that is practiced today.  It also outlines the eight limbs of yoga as follows:

 

1)   Yamas (Restraints)  The yamas deals with one’s ethical standards and sense of integrity, focusing on our behavior and how we conduct ourselves in life, and can be thought of as the Golden Rule of “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.”  They include:

 

Ahimsa:   nonviolence

Satya:   truthfulness

Asteya:   non-stealing

Brahmacharya:   moderation, continence, or self-restraint

Aparigraha:   non-covetousness

 

2)   Niyamas (Observances).  This second limb has to do with self-discipline and spiritual observances.  Making a habit of taking contemplative walks alone, developing your own personal meditation practices, saying grace before meals, or even regularly attending church or temple services, could be viewed as the niyamas in practice.  The niyamas include:

 

Saucha:   Cleanliness

Samtosa:   Contentment

Tapas:   Heat; spiritual austerities

Svadhyaya:   Self-study and/or the study of sacred scriptures

Isvara Pranidhana:   Surrender to a Higher Power

 

3)   Asana (postures).  In the yogic view, the body is a temple which houses the soul/spirit of the individual, and the postures take care of our bodies, which is an important stage of our spiritual growth. Through the practice of asanas, we develop the habit of discipline and the ability to concentrate, both of which are necessary for meditation, while maintaining the health and well-being of the individual.

 

4)   Pranayama (breathing practices).  This limb consists of techniques designed to gain mastery over the respiratory process while recognizing the connection between the breath, the mind, and the emotions. It can be practiced as an isolated technique or integrated into your posture (asana) routine.

 

The above first four stages of Patanjali’s yoga concentrates on refining our personalities, gaining mastery over our bodies, and developing an energetic awareness of ourselves, all of which prepares us for the second half, which deals with the senses, the mind, and attaining a higher state of consciousness.

 

5)   Pratyahara (withdrawal of senses).  During this stage we make the conscious effort to draw our awareness away from the external world and outside stimuli.  This provides us with an opportunity to step back and take a look at ourselves and objectively observe our habits which may be detrimental to our health and could possibility interfere with our inner growth.

 

6)   Dharana (concentration).  By practicing the previous limbs and having removed ourselves from outside distractions, we can now turn our attention to the distractions of the mind itself.  We slow the mind down by concentrating on a single mental object (ie: an image of a deity, the flicker of a candle’s flame, or even the silent repetition of a mantra or sound, etc).  Extended periods of concentration naturally lead to meditation.

 

7)   Dhyani (meditation).  At this stage, the mind has been quieted, and in the stillness it produces few or no thoughts at all. The strength and stamina it takes to reach this state of stillness can be challenging… but don’t give up!  It may seem like a difficult task, but remember that yoga is a process and a practice.  Even though we may not attain the “picture perfect” pose, or the ideal state of consciousness, we benefit at every stage of our progress.

 

8)   Samadhi (enlightenment, liberation, bliss).  Patanjali describes this stage as a state of ecstasy. The meditator comes to realize a profound connection to the Divine (or however you might describe their Source), an interconnectedness with all living things. With this realization comes peace, the experience of bliss, and a feeling of being at one with the Universe.

 

As we explore these eight limbs, we begin by refining our behavior in the outer world, and then we focus inwardly until we reach samadhi (liberation, enlightenment). However, today, most people that are practicing yoga are engaged primarily in the third limb (asana or postures), designed to purify the body and provide the physical strength and stamina required for long periods of meditation.  At Fusion, we primarily focus on the practice of postures, breath work, and meditation, although the individual may decide to explore these deeper concepts on their own if it’s of interest to them.

I’m new to yoga. Where should I start?
What classes do you offer?
Do you offer Hot Yoga?
What should I bring?
What should I wear?
Can I eat before class?
Do you offer private classes?
Do you have a place where I can change clothing?
What if I running late?
What about parking?
How much yoga experience do I need?
How many students are in a course?
What style of yoga will I be learning to teach?
Can I use my cell phone in the studio…?
I'm Not Flexible—Can I Do Yoga…?
Can I leave the room during class…?
What kind of props do you have…?
What if I can’t stay for the whole class…?
Is there anything special I need to know before I get started…?
I’m pregnant. Can I still practice yoga…?
Do you have any tips for newbies…?
What are the benefits of practicing yoga…?